The 2009 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Programming Errors is a list of the most significant programming errors that can lead to serious software vulnerabilities. They occur frequently, are often easy to find, and easy to exploit. They are dangerous because they will frequently allow attackers to completely take over the software, steal data, or prevent the software from working at all.
The list is the result of collaboration between the SANS Institute, MITRE, and many top software security experts in the US and Europe. It leverages experiences in the development of the SANS Top 20 attack vectors (http://www.sans.org/top20/) and MITRE's Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) (http://cwe.mitre.org/). MITRE maintains the CWE web site, with the support of the US Department of Homeland Security's National Cyber Security Division, presenting detailed descriptions of the top 25 programming errors along with authoritative guidance for mitigating and avoiding them. The CWE site also contains data on more than 700 additional programming errors, design errors, and architecture errors that can lead to exploitable vulnerabilities.
The main goal for the Top 25 list is to stop vulnerabilities at the source by educating programmers on how to eliminate all-too-common mistakes before software is even shipped. The list will be a tool for education and awareness that will help programmers to prevent the kinds of vulnerabilities that plague the software industry. Software consumers could use the same list to help them to ask for more secure software. Finally, software managers and CIOs can use the Top 25 list as a measuring stick of progress in their efforts to secure their software.
The list is the result of collaboration between the SANS Institute, MITRE, and many top software security experts in the US and Europe. It leverages experiences in the development of the SANS Top 20 attack vectors (http://www.sans.org/top20/) and MITRE's Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) (http://cwe.mitre.org/). MITRE maintains the CWE web site, with the support of the US Department of Homeland Security's National Cyber Security Division, presenting detailed descriptions of the top 25 programming errors along with authoritative guidance for mitigating and avoiding them. The CWE site also contains data on more than 700 additional programming errors, design errors, and architecture errors that can lead to exploitable vulnerabilities.
The main goal for the Top 25 list is to stop vulnerabilities at the source by educating programmers on how to eliminate all-too-common mistakes before software is even shipped. The list will be a tool for education and awareness that will help programmers to prevent the kinds of vulnerabilities that plague the software industry. Software consumers could use the same list to help them to ask for more secure software. Finally, software managers and CIOs can use the Top 25 list as a measuring stick of progress in their efforts to secure their software.
The Top 25 is organized into three high-level categories that contain multiple CWE entries
These weaknesses are related to insecure ways in which data is sent and received between separate components, modules, programs, processes, threads, or systems
- CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
- CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
- CWE-89: Failure to Preserve SQL Query Structure (aka 'SQL Injection')
- CWE-79: Failure to Preserve Web Page Structure (aka 'Cross-site Scripting')
- CWE-78: Failure to Preserve OS Command Structure (aka 'OS Command Injection')
- CWE-319: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
- CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- CWE-362: Race Condition
- CWE-209: Error Message Information Leak
Risky Resource Management
The weaknesses in this category are related to ways in which software does not properly manage the creation, usage, transfer, or destruction of important system resources.
- CWE-119: Failure to Constrain Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
- CWE-642: External Control of Critical State Data
- CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path
- CWE-426: Untrusted Search Path
- CWE-94: Failure to Control Generation of Code (aka 'Code Injection')
- CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check
- CWE-404: Improper Resource Shutdown or Release
- CWE-665: Improper Initialization
- CWE-682: Incorrect Calculation
Porous Defenses
The weaknesses in this category are related to defensive techniques that are often misused, abused, or just plain ignored.
- CWE-285: Improper Access Control (Authorization)
- CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
- CWE-259: Hard-Coded Password
- CWE-732: Insecure Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
- CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values
- CWE-250: Execution with Unnecessary Privileges
- CWE-602: Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
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Link relacionados:
- Se publica una lista con los 25 errores de código más peligrosos
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